Two‐timescale design for RIS‐aided full‐duplex MIMO systems with transceiver hardware impairments

This paper focuses on a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-aided full-duplex multi-user massive multiple-input multiple-output system with transceiver hardware impairments (THWIs). Different from the existing works, the two-timescale design scheme is considered. The phase shift at the RIS is designed only based on the statistical channel state information. Firstly, the closed-form expression of the uplink and downlink achievable rate is derived. Then, the power scaling laws are revealed. Finally, the impact of THWIs on the system performance is analysed and genetic algorithm to maximize the achievable rate is used.