Deviance and stereotype change : the role of ingroup identification

This thesis examines the consequences of the presentation of a deviant group member for the image of the group. Previous research suggests that the derogation of a deviant ingroup member might be functional in its protection of the image of the ingroup. Although there is considerable circumstantial support for this notion, to date, there is no direct empirical evidence of a link between deviant derogation and the maintenance of the image of the group. The thesis aims to fill this gap by examining the consequences of an encounter with a deviant and clearly negative group member for both the representation and composition of the group.

Study 1 examines the consequences of the presentation of a deviant for the image of the ingroup as a function of ingroup identification. Study 2 examines how a deviant ingroup or outgroup member might differentially affect judgements of the ingroup and outgroup as a function of ingroup identification. Study 3 examines judgements of deviants in low and high status groups as a function of ingroup identification. Study 4 examines the consequences of a deviant for the image of the ingroup as a function of group status and ingroup identification. Studies 5 and 6 examine the consequences of a deviant ingroup member for perceived ingroup variability as a function of ingroup identification. Study 7 examines how a deviant ingroup or outgroup member might differentially affect perceived ingroup and outgroup variability as a function of ingroup identification. Study 8 examines the consequences of a deviant ingroup member for self-stereotyping and ingroup identification as a function of the initial level of ingroup identification.

Taken together, the results support the proposal that reactions to deviant group member might serve an identity maintenance function. The thesis concludes with a summary of the findings, a discussion of the limitations of the research and suggestions for future research.