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Integrality and the Laurent phenomenon for Somos 4 and Somos 5 sequences

Hone, Andrew N.W., Swart, Christine (2008) Integrality and the Laurent phenomenon for Somos 4 and Somos 5 sequences. Mathematical Proceedings of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, 145 (Part I). pp. 65-85. ISSN 0305-0041. (doi:10.1017/s030500410800114x) (KAR id:15690)

Abstract

Somos 4 sequences are a family of sequences defined by a fourth-order quadratic recurrence relation with constant coefficients. For particular choices of the coefficients and the four initial data, such recurrences can yield sequences of integers. Fomin and Zelevinsky have used the theory of cluster algebras to prove that these recurrences also provide one of the simplest examples of the Laurent phenomenon: all the terms of a Somos 4 sequence are Laurent polynomials in the initial data. The integrality of certain Somos 4 sequences has previously been understood in terms of the Laurent phenomenon. However, each of the authors of this paper has independently established the precise correspondence between Somos 4 sequences and sequences of points on elliptic curves. Here we show that these sequences satisfy a stronger condition than the Laurent property, and hence establish a broad set of sufficient conditions for integrality. As a by-product, non-periodic sequences provide infinitely many solutions of an associated quartic Diophantine equation in four variables. The analogous results for Somos 5 sequences are also presented, as well as various examples, including parameter families of Somos 4 integer sequences.

Item Type: Article
DOI/Identification number: 10.1017/s030500410800114x
Uncontrolled keywords: Number Theory (math.NT); Combinatorics (math.CO
Subjects: Q Science > QA Mathematics (inc Computing science)
Divisions: Divisions > Division of Computing, Engineering and Mathematical Sciences > School of Mathematics, Statistics and Actuarial Science
Depositing User: Andrew Hone
Date Deposited: 20 Apr 2009 14:42 UTC
Last Modified: 16 Nov 2021 09:53 UTC
Resource URI: https://kar.kent.ac.uk/id/eprint/15690 (The current URI for this page, for reference purposes)

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