Bullying in schoolchildren and its relationship to malocclusion accounting for demographic and psychosocial factors: a cross-sectional study of 10- to 14-year-olds in the United Kingdom

DiBiase, Andrew, Cox, Zaffie, Rea, Michaela, Cane, James, Cameron, Lindsey, Rutland, Adam (2025) Bullying in schoolchildren and its relationship to malocclusion accounting for demographic and psychosocial factors: a cross-sectional study of 10- to 14-year-olds in the United Kingdom. Angle Orthodontist, . ISSN 1052-9284. (In press) (Access to this publication is currently restricted. You may be able to access a copy if URLs are provided) (KAR id:110839)

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Official URL: DOI: 10.2319/122724-1064.1

Abstract

Objectives

To investigate the prevalence of bullying in schoolchildren and its relationship with malocclusion, accounting for demographic and psychosocial factors.

Materials and Methods

This was a cross-sectional study on 10–14-year-old schoolchildren in the United Kingdom. Clinical examination was undertaken measuring Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN), overjet, overbite, and crowding or spacing. Questionnaires were used to measure bullying, oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL), self-esteem (SE), loneliness, and behavioral and emotional difficulties.

Results

Of 698 participants, 68 reported being bullied (9.7%). No difference was found in prevalence for gender, ethnicity, or age. Increased prevalence was found in participants with overjet > 6 mm (P = .02) and great need for treatment (IOTN Dental Health Component 5 P < .001, Aesthetic Component 9–10 P = .008). Bullied participants reported lower OHRQoL (P < .001) and SE (P < .001) and higher levels of loneliness (P < .001), emotional sympto

Item Type:	Article
Institutional Unit:	Schools > School of Psychology > Psychology
Former Institutional Unit:	There are no former institutional units.
Depositing User:	Lindsey Cameron
Date Deposited:	04 Aug 2025 09:46 UTC
Last Modified:	05 Aug 2025 14:35 UTC
Resource URI:	https://kar.kent.ac.uk/id/eprint/110839 (The current URI for this page, for reference purposes)

University of Kent Author Information

DiBiase, Andrew.

Creator's ORCID:	https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5674-0630
CReDIT Contributor Roles:

Rea, Michaela.

Creator's ORCID:
CReDIT Contributor Roles:

Cameron, Lindsey.

Creator's ORCID:	https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1388-1970
CReDIT Contributor Roles:

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