Governmental Business Model Innovation: Multi Stakeholder Collaborations in Ecosystems

Governmental critical response to future challenges and providing new solutions of improved public value creation form the bases of government innovation. While several studies can be found on different forms of public sector innovation, research on governmental business model innovation is still limited. In this area, public and private multi stakeholder collaborations are establishing a new approach of collaborative innovation involving governmental organisations in multi actor networks and ecosystems. However, it is not yet clear how governmental organisations innovate their collaborative business models through multi stakeholder collaborations in ecosystems to create value. Understanding how these collaborations are driving the growth of ecosystems have important gains to the field of management. A multiple case study research strategy was adopted to enable developing theory and in depth understanding of the governmental business model innovation in a complex setting of multi stakeholder's collaborations in ecosystems. This research provides original contributions to the management literature by expanding the understanding of BMI concept, and introducing a new government innovation form by the revealed Collaboration Business Model Innovation (Co-BMI) which offers a novel process model for how managers of governmental organizations innovate their business in collaborations with multi stakeholders. The research set forward important implications supporting the ongoing efforts for developing the ecosystem theory through the uncovered value based structure; the Ecosystem Value Structure (EVS) which delivers a novel approach for managing ecosystems that can fit varying contexts. Guided by the revealed Collaboration Business Model Innovation (Co-BMI), managers will have a strategic tool enabling them to apply innovative business models that improve public value creation in multi stakeholder collaborations. Whereas the Ecosystem Value Structure (EVS) model and the revealed insightful ecosystem governance factors will provide governmental organizations and businesses with a managerial road map for how to manage the entire ecosystem prosperously.