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Proofreading of substrate structure by the Twin-Arginine Translocase is highly dependent on substrate conformational flexibility but surprisingly tolerant of surface charge and hydrophobicity changes

Jones, Alexander S., Austerberry, James I., Dajani, Rana, Warwicker, Jim, Curtis, Robin, Derrick, Jeremy P., Robinson, Colin (2016) Proofreading of substrate structure by the Twin-Arginine Translocase is highly dependent on substrate conformational flexibility but surprisingly tolerant of surface charge and hydrophobicity changes. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Cell Research, 1863 (12). pp. 3116-3124. ISSN 0167-4889. (doi:10.1016/j.bbamcr.2016.09.006) (KAR id:58516)

Abstract

The Tat system transports folded proteins across the bacterial plasma membrane, and in Escherichia coli preferentially transports correctly-folded proteins. Little is known of the mechanism by which Tat proofreads a substrate's conformational state, and in this study we have addressed this question using a heterologous single-chain variable fragment (scFv) with a defined structure. We introduced mutations to surface residues while leaving the folded structure intact, and also tested the importance of conformational flexibility. We show that while the scFv is stably folded and active in the reduced form, formation of the 2 intra-domain disulphide bonds enhances Tat-dependent export 10-fold, indicating Tat senses the conformational flexibility and preferentially exports the more rigid structure. We further show that a 26-residue unstructured tail at the C-terminus blocks export, suggesting that even this short sequence can be sensed by the proofreading system. In contrast, the Tat system can tolerate significant changes in charge or hydrophobicity on the scFv surface; substitution of uncharged residues by up to 3 Lys-Glu pairs has little effect, as has the introduction of up to 5 Lys or Glu residues in a confined domain, or the introduction of a patch of 4 to 6 Leu residues in a hydrophilic region. We propose that the proofreading system has evolved to sense conformational flexibility and detect even very transiently-exposed internal regions, or the presence of unfolded peptide sections. In contrast, it tolerates major changes in surface charge or hydrophobicity.

Item Type: Article
DOI/Identification number: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2016.09.006
Projects: Development of new-generation bacterial secretion process platforms
Uncontrolled keywords: Tat; Twin-Arginine Translocase; Signal peptide; Protein translocation
Subjects: Q Science > QH Natural history > QH301 Biology
Q Science > QH Natural history > QH581.2 Cell Biology
Divisions: Divisions > Division of Natural Sciences > Biosciences
Funders: [37325] UNSPECIFIED
Depositing User: Colin Robinson
Date Deposited: 10 Nov 2016 12:28 UTC
Last Modified: 04 Mar 2024 16:51 UTC
Resource URI: https://kar.kent.ac.uk/id/eprint/58516 (The current URI for this page, for reference purposes)

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