Grantham, Hedley S., Adams, Vanessa M., Ban, Natalie C., Martinez Harms, Maria Jose, Skowno, Andrew L., Visconti, Piero, Álvarez-Romero, Jorge G., Brodie, Jedediah F., Dudley, Nigel, Heiner, Mike, and others. (2026) Biodiversity-inclusive spatial planning underpins the achievement of global biodiversity targets. Nature Reviews Biodiversity, . E-ISSN 3005-0677. (doi:10.1038/s44358-026-00212-7) (KAR id:117345)
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| Official URL: https://doi.org/10.1038/s44358-026-00212-7 |
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Abstract
Target 1 of the Kunming–Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (KM-GBF) mandates Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity (hereafter, Parties) to address biodiversity loss across all regions within their national jurisdictions by 2030 in part by implementing participatory, integrated and biodiversity-inclusive spatial planning (BISP). In this Perspective, we outline how delivering Target 1 is foundational to many other KM-GBF targets, directing restoration (Target 2), optimizing protected and conserved area networks (Target 3), and actions to prevent extinctions (Target 4). Biodiversity-inclusive spatial planning will also support addressing biodiversity threats (Targets 6–8) and guide sustainable use across production systems and urban landscapes (Targets 5, 9–12). Participatory and inclusive spatial planning will also advance equity objectives such as fair benefit-sharing and the recognition of Indigenous peoples and local communities, and influencing all levels of decision-making (Targets 14, 21–23). The central challenge to delivering Target 1 is to move beyond siloed approaches; Parties should integrate planning into unified spatial planning frameworks that improve coherence, maximize benefits, minimize threats and reduce trade-offs. The ambitions of the KM-GBF will only be achieved if Parties give priority to Target 1 and align existing planning elements, tools and approaches into coherent spatial strategies capable of systemically halting and reversing biodiversity loss.
| Item Type: | Article |
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| DOI/Identification number: | 10.1038/s44358-026-00212-7 |
| Subjects: | Q Science > QH Natural history > QH75 Conservation (Biology) |
| Institutional Unit: |
Schools > School of Natural Sciences > Conservation Institutes > Durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology |
| Former Institutional Unit: |
There are no former institutional units.
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| Funders: | Research England (https://ror.org/02wxr8x18) |
| Depositing User: | Bob Smith |
| Date Deposited: | 29 Oct 2026 11:39 UTC |
| Last Modified: | 30 Oct 2026 16:56 UTC |
| Resource URI: | https://kar.kent.ac.uk/id/eprint/117345 (The current URI for this page, for reference purposes) |
University of Kent Author Information
Smith, Robert J..
| Creator's ORCID: |
 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1599-9171
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