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Exosomal Liquid Biopsy in Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review of Biomarkers for Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Treatment Response

Hamid, Yameen, Rabbani, Rukhshana Dina, Afsara, Rakkan, Nowrin, Samarea, Ghose, Aruni, Papadopoulos, Vasileios, Sirlantzis, Konstantinos, Ovsepian, Saak V., Boussios, Stergios (2025) Exosomal Liquid Biopsy in Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review of Biomarkers for Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Treatment Response. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 26 (2). Article Number 802. ISSN 1422-0067. (doi:10.3390/ijms26020802) (KAR id:108581)

Abstract

Prostate cancer, a leading cause of cancer-related mortality among men, often presents challenges in accurate diagnosis and effective monitoring. This systematic review explores the potential of exosomal biomolecules as noninvasive biomarkers for the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment response of prostate cancer. A thorough systematic literature search through online public databases (Medline via PubMed, Scopus, and Web of science) using structured search terms and screening using predefined eligibility criteria resulted in 137 studies that we analyzed in this systematic review. We evaluated the findings from these clinical studies, revealing that the load of exosomes in the blood and urine of prostate cancer patients, which includes microRNAs (miRNAs), proteins, and lipids, demonstrates disease-specific changes. It also shows that some exosomal markers can differentiate between malignant and benign hyperplasia of the prostate, predict disease aggressiveness, and monitor treatment efficacy. Notably, miRNA emerged as the most frequently studied biomolecule, demonstrating superior diagnostic potential compared to traditional methods like prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing. The analysis also highlights the pressing need for a standardised analytic approach through multi-centre studies to validate the full potential of exosomal biomarkers for the diagnosis and monitoring of prostate cancer.

Item Type: Article
DOI/Identification number: 10.3390/ijms26020802
Uncontrolled keywords: prostate cancer; liquid biopsy; exosomes; biomarkers; miRNA; prognosis; response
Subjects: R Medicine
Divisions: Divisions > Division of Natural Sciences > Kent and Medway Medical School
Funders: University of Kent (https://ror.org/00xkeyj56)
SWORD Depositor: JISC Publications Router
Depositing User: JISC Publications Router
Date Deposited: 05 Feb 2025 16:16 UTC
Last Modified: 07 Feb 2025 14:30 UTC
Resource URI: https://kar.kent.ac.uk/id/eprint/108581 (The current URI for this page, for reference purposes)

University of Kent Author Information

Boussios, Stergios.

Creator's ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2512-6131
CReDIT Contributor Roles: Writing - review and editing, Supervision, Conceptualisation
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