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Stratified activity: Vertical partitioning of the diel cycle by rainforest mammals in Borneo

Haysom, Jessica K., Deere, Nicolas J., Mahyudin, Azniza, Struebig, Matthew J. (2023) Stratified activity: Vertical partitioning of the diel cycle by rainforest mammals in Borneo. Biotropica, 55 (5). pp. 991-1005. ISSN 0006-3606. (doi:10.1111/btp.13248) (KAR id:102143)

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Abstract

Animal activity is driven by the environmental conditions and physical structure of a habitat, and the need to interact with, or avoid, other animals. Knowledge of the proportion of the 24-hour cycle spent active (activity level), and the time/s of day in which activity is concentrated (activity pattern), informs our understanding of species' ecology and community dynamics. In multidimensional habitats such as tropical rainforests, arboreal (canopy-dwelling) taxa comprise up to three-quarters of vertebrate assemblages; yet, wildlife surveys are typically limited to ground level. Terrestrial-only sampling can result in activity metrics that do not take account of species' full use of horizontal and vertical habitat space. We paired ground- and canopy-level camera traps to characterize mammal activity across vertical strata in Borneo. Additionally, we sampled unlogged and recovering-logged rainforest to evaluate whether this activity was impacted by logging. Activity across vertical strata varied substantially among 37 species. Arboreal mammals were predominantly nocturnal or diurnal but never cathemeral, terrestrial mammals were mostly nocturnal or cathemeral, and semi-arboreal mammals appeared to fill the temporal niches under-utilized by other groups. Differences in activity between unlogged and recovering-logged forest were minimal, with 92% of species found in both forest types retaining the same activity pattern. Our study demonstrates that the inclusion of canopy-based sampling provides much greater insights into overall rainforest mammal activity than terrestrial sampling alone. Our results suggest that the varying opportunities and constraints of each stratum act in concert to influence the diel patterns of tropical mammals.

Item Type: Article
DOI/Identification number: 10.1111/btp.13248
Additional information: For the purpose of open access, the author(s) has applied a Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) licence to any Author Accepted Manuscript version arising
Subjects: Q Science > QH Natural history > QH541 Ecology
Q Science > QH Natural history > QH75 Conservation (Biology)
S Agriculture > SD Forestry
Divisions: Divisions > Division of Human and Social Sciences > School of Anthropology and Conservation > DICE (Durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology)
Funders: Natural Environment Research Council (https://ror.org/02b5d8509)
Depositing User: Matthew Struebig
Date Deposited: 19 Jul 2023 08:06 UTC
Last Modified: 27 Feb 2024 12:19 UTC
Resource URI: https://kar.kent.ac.uk/id/eprint/102143 (The current URI for this page, for reference purposes)

University of Kent Author Information

Haysom, Jessica K..

Creator's ORCID:
CReDIT Contributor Roles:

Deere, Nicolas J..

Creator's ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1299-2126
CReDIT Contributor Roles:

Struebig, Matthew J..

Creator's ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2058-8502
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