Feakin, S.J and Blackburn, E. and Burns, R.G (1994) Biodegradation of S-Triazine Herbicides at Low Concentrations in Surface Waters. Water Research, 28 (11). pp. 2289-2296. ISSN 0043-1354.
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Abstract
Fourteen bacterial strains were isolated from industrial waste (SL) agricultural soil (S), surface water (B) or water treatment filter material (WT) following enrichment in a minimal salts medium (MSM) containing 5-10 mgl(-1) of both atrazine and simazine. Biodegradation by the isolates of 1 mu gl(-1) of atrazine and 1 mu gl(-1) simazine in 100 ml MSM or reservoir surface water was assessed by comparison with non-inoculated controls. Extraction with dichloromethane recovered 100 +/- 5% of both s-triazines in non-inoculated MSM and reservoir surface water. Recovery was not reduced by adsorption of the s-triazines to bacteria, and no abiotic degradation occurred over the incubation periods. Isolate 54 degraded 20 +/- 7% of the atrazine and isolates S7 and S8 degraded 40 +/- 12% of the simazine in MSM after 7d at 30 degrees C. Decreasing the NH4NO3-N in the MSM from 35 mgl(-1) to 1 mgl(-1) stimulated biodegradation of atrazine by a fourth isolate (SL3). At 10 degrees C isolates BI, SL2, S4 and S6 each biodegraded 20 +/- 1% of the atrazine and isolate SL2 biodegraded 30 +/- 7% of the simazine in surface water after 15 d. No biodegradation occurred in MSM at 10 degrees C. Granular activated carbon (GAC, 1 gl(-1))was added to surface water (10 mu gl(-1) atrazine and 10 mu gl(-1) simazine) which adsorbed 9.7 mu gg(-1) s-triazine and provided sites for bacterial attachment. Recovery of adsorbed s-triazines (1, 10 and 40 mu gl(-1)) by Soxhlet extraction of non-inoculated GAC was 97 +/- 1.5%. Inoculation of s-triazine-degraders into surface water containing GAC reduced the solution concentration (0.3 mu gl(-1) atrazine and 0.3 mu gl(-1) simazine) by up to 86 +/- 18% (S8) after incubation for 15 d at 10 degrees C. Biodegradation of 25 mu gl(-1) atrazine and 28 mu gl(-1) simazine in surface water amended with 0.5 gl(-1) GAC and inoculated with isolate WT1 was 50 +/- 4% (atrazine) and 38 +/- 4% (simazine) after 21 d at 10 degrees C. Biodegradation by WT1 attached to 0.5 g GAC in surface water (0.5 mu gl(-1) atrazine and 6 mu gl(-1) simazine) was increased from zero atrazine and 23 +/- 7.6% simazine to 40 +/- 5.3% atrazine and 71 +/- 5.6% simazine following transfer of bioaugmented GAC into fresh surface water. Inoculation of GAC filters with selected strains has potential as a biotreatment for surface water containing s-triazine herbicides.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled keywords: | BIODEGRADATION; ATRAZINE; SIMAZINE; SURFACE WATER; GRANULAR ACTIVATED CARBON |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) |
| Divisions: | Faculties > Science Technology and Medical Studies > School of Engineering and Digital Arts |
| Depositing User: | P. Ogbuji |
| Date Deposited: | 29 Jun 2009 21:15 |
| Last Modified: | 29 Jun 2009 21:19 |
| Resource URI: | http://kar.kent.ac.uk/id/eprint/20184 (The current URI for this page, for reference purposes) |
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